Principles of practice

KI1: Oo nga at bawal sana talagang magsunog pero kung hindi mo naman susunugin saan naman ilalag ay? Isa pa [ay] hindi na iyan maiiwasan kasi nasanay na rin ang mga tao sa ganyan-ganyan. Magmula pa noon nabubuhay 'yung mga Inang ko, talagang ugali na nilang magsunog at uso nga noon ang ganoon.

HP1: Ako talaga naghihiwalay ako ng basura, sabi ko nga sayo 'yung plastic at dahon nilalagay ko sa sako noon may nagungulekta pa, tapos yung mga pinagbabat [ng gulay at prutas] ay nilalagay ko sa halaman para fertilizer. Ngayon natigil na nga ang pangkulekta dahil nga may mga pasaway na hindi hinihiwalay yung mga basura nila, binawal tuloy kaya balik-sunog ulit kami, kung ilagay mo lang naman kase sa sako at hindi masunog, sisirin ng mga aso kaya kakalat lang lalo, kaya sinusunod ko na lang.

FP1: Ako talaga hindi ako pala-sunod sa bukid kase nung nagtrabaho ako sa PhilRice bumababa raw yung sustansiya ng lupa kaya ang ginagawa ko nilalagay ko sa butas na [unreadable].

S2: How leaders can follow the rules if they do not understand the policies itself and there is no accountability for any violations? Dapat [unreadable] [unreadable].

SP1: Siguro ang maganda lang sa ginagawa na nakikita ko sa mga kapit-bahay ay iniipon nila ang mga bote at bakal kasi hindi naman nasusunog iyon saka nila ibebenta. Aminado naman din ako na minsan-minsan ko lang [unreadable] kung paano ko sinunod ang mga ganitong gawain.

The potential economic benefits of recycling and waste management are also highlighted, providing an opportunity for community development that agrees with the positive action of the residents on selling bottles or recycled (Barloa et al., 2016).

All the participants confirmed that the common waste perceived to have a match

in the rural communities as they are widely used organic garbage such as paper, leaves,

wood, and other biodegradable materials, and the waste disposal techniques were

recycling and composting, then open burning (Adeolu et al., 2014). Despite the

encouragement on refraining from burning waste, there is so much to learn for proper

waste segregation to have a cleaner barangay by reinstating regular waste collection and

implementing a community compost pit that can aid the segregating waste more

effectively to engage in responsible action on waste management. The students also

emphasized that there was a regular waste collection process before, but because of the

consistently mixed waste, the locality announced the suspension of waste collection which

typically returned to previous practices, dumping, and burning of wastes. It is often

observed that leaders are at the forefront of the practice of burning waste instead of

being the ones who lead as the study suggests that the government and other sectors

should build proper environmental education and waste management awareness to help

break the long-standing habit of careless waste disposal and the youth should be

encouraged to be the members of environmental scout sanitation (Adeolu et al., 2014).

The occasional lapses in waste management practices are typically observed as

their neighbors are diligent in cleaning their yards and there are still instances of mixed

or unsegregated waste that leads to burning due to the absence of proper dump sites, waste

materials are often disposed of in an unregulated manner, leading to environmental

pollution and health hazards and all of the students believed that unethical dumping of

[unreadable]

wastes can clog water and drainage systems as every single-use plastic use serves as a

potential environmental and health concerns (Ogoge et al., 2021).

The leader's initiatives should focus on actions, not just words, to improve the

environment and community by conducting seminars, lectures, and proper enforcement

of penalties for violations. It is essential to promote sustainability to fill the lack of finance,

knowledge and enhancing educational activities together with rigorous dissemination of

policies (Debrah, 2021). It should be a way of instilling awareness among the residents,

instead of relying into self-awareness only.

This issue highlights the need for proper waste management systems and the

establishment of legal dump sites to ensure the safe and responsible disposal of waste

materials to facilitate waste separation within the community together with regular monitoring

is necessary to ensure proper waste management practices are being followed so they

are encouraging all residents to be a role model in waste management as it serves a

crucial concern for community-wide adoption.

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pondo pa ang Barangay para sana mas maging maayos pa ang paligid

at mas mapabuti ang komunidad.

SP2: Kapag nagbalik na 'yung regular collection of garbage, pwede pa yon na job opening diba. Hindi na maaargabyado yung mother nature natin kaya sana mayroong compost pit dito sa Barangay natin ehh para maiwasan na rin yung mga ganyang problema kagaya nga ng pagsusunog, lalo na yung mga matatanda na kahihirap bawalin, kagaya ni Mama. Hindi ko man madalas na natututunan ko pero yung willingness ko po na matulungan 'yung mother nature ay pinapractice ko paminsan-minsan.

SP3: Suggestion ko lang din kung magka karoon sana tayo workshop o seminar dito sa Barangay natin na maiintindihan ng lahat lalo na yung mga taóng hindi nakapag-aral para alam mo yon kung ano ang alam nating hindi basta-basta para sa lahat.

SP4: Proper waste disposal and segregation is a simple thing, but when it is multiplied by millions of people it would greatly affect and transformed the world into a new better one. Hindi naman kase ito kakayanin ng gobyerno lang, kailangang lahat tayo magtulong-tulong.

considered as one step toward achieving those possible good impacts on the environment

while empowering garbage workers to instill a positive mindset in seeking jobs that will

have a great impact on the environment.

In terms of Agricultural wastes, exploring alternative methods within the

community to discourage the burning of rice straw and designate areas for composting

as potentially cultivating mushrooms and some are storing haypack for Buffalo’s food.

Furthermore, student participants emphasized to enhanced knowledge of leaders that

can lead to a more prosperous community as they believe that a well-organized waste

segregation system can enhance the cleanliness of the community by promoting proper

waste management practices that manifest to their actions also anchored to the law being

implemented. The hope is also arises focusing on upholding or empowering the role of

garbage collectors serves as an essential move with regular monitoring of waste

segregation at households every 3 days and if not, penalties will be given accordingly

together with community clean-up drives can foster a culture of environmental

stewardship.

The distribution of fines collected shall be compromised to have 50% for the

Barangay, 25% for the CENRO, and 25% for the apprehender where arrest/apprehension

of violators of environment or where the tickets are issued that will be used for

environment project in Barangay concerned which also additional fund when it is properly

established.

The study finds an opportunity with the motivation and experience that the

participants have shared if the policy has been disseminated properly. Households are

influenced by doing proper segregation of waste by the motivation to help the

environment more pleasant than it was and some inspirations or beliefs usually help them

to always segregate wastes as they know that the ozone layer is more affected if it

continuously acts unethically. Though they have admitted that they are not complying a

hundred percent with it, they are willing to learn and engage in essential actions to help

the environment heal itself. She also added that if the law has been properly disseminated

including the punishment for those potential violators regardless if it is the local enforcer,

the law must move forward equally.

This knowledge sparked a greater appreciation for the simple actions required to

contribute to the healing of our world which led to the role of leadership and collective

action in addressing environmental challenges requires concerted efforts from both

national leaders and individual citizens. As Geo Ong once stated, "What we save can save

us." It is incumbent upon leaders to devise solutions, but they cannot succeed without

the support individuals. It is essential to remember that the environment can thrive

without human intervention, but humans are wholly dependent on the environment for

survival. Neglecting our responsibility to protect the environment will have dire

consequences for once and for all.

Challenges

KI1: kagaya nga nang sinabi ko kanina kapag naman pinaglilinis ko naman sila [clean-up drive], okay naman sila nahihiwalay naman pero

kapag dito na sa mga bahay-bahay, talagang hindi na nasusunod dahil hindi naman alam ng iba na yon ay nakakasira ng kalikasan.

HP1: Wala pa pangalan ginawang [seminar] dito, katagal ko nang nakatira dito at saka kahit meron man kung marami pa ring pasaway, wala ring mangyayari.

FP1: Kung [mapaparusahan] nga lang siguro yung ibang mahihilig magsunog sa bukid ehh baka wala nang gagawa non at wala nang gagawa non at matatakot na syempre yung mga tao pero wala naman ding kaseng magawa at wala namang pweding pagtapon ng mga bote ng gamut, saka mga dayami ehh mahirap mabulok mga yon.

SP1: Bilang isang Social Science student, masasabi kong sa mga leader ito dapat nagsisimula, dapat hindi lang sila panay salita nararapat lang na sinasabay din ng gawa. Paano nila madi-disiplina ang mga lumalabag dito kung sila mismo ang nangunguna? Ehh ni minsan nga ata wala pa akong nababalitaan may nahuli na, ibig sabihin lang non na hindi ganoon kaganda yung pagpapatupad ng batas na yon lalo pa at kung sila ang nangunguna sa pagsusunog, paano nila paparusahan yung mga sarili nila?

One of the challenges usually faced by law enforcers is that residents have become accustomed to burning waste since it was passed from previous generations wherein the elderly are entrenched with this practice, failing to grasp its contribution to climate change as they never had an opportunity to learn the importance of knowing about the waste problem which led to Barangay Labney halt waste collection due to mixed wastes, but this temporary measure may lead residents back to burning, exacerbating global issues like ozone layer depletion which occur in climate change underscores the urgency of advocating for proper waste segregation. The adverse effects of smoke and litter on the environment which occur in climate change underscores the urgency of advocating for proper waste segregation.

environment and residents are significant and the absence of seminars and lectures may

indicate a neglect of responsibilities of leaders and enforcers.

Household participants mentioned that lack of awareness and knowledge in proper

waste segregation persists, rooted in generational habits, like Nanay Edith and Ate Rhea

are unaware of community regulations, opting to burn waste due to the mess it creates

when not incinerated, commonly accumulated wastes include plastics and leaves, with

no lectures or seminars conducted yet. While for farmers, inadequate law enforcement

perpetuates the lack of consequences for burning waste, laziness, and insufficient

knowledge contributed to this behavior that led to community members' negligent

approach to waste management hindering effective implementation. In terms of farmers',

habits of burning waste due to a lack of discipline and proper waste disposal facilities and

not being familiar with local laws, they have not witnessed any enforcement over time but

some farmers store dayami for animal consumption and then the rest will be burnt.

Students recognized that disparities in waste management knowledge

dissemination and implementation exist. Students are more informed about waste

management's importance compared to community elders, who lack formal education on

the subject. The ingrained habits of older generations pose challenges to change,

compounded by a reluctance to address these issues that includes complacency and a

lack of educational initiatives for residents, impacting human health and the environment.

Burning of wastes are observed issue in the community, in contrast to decreasing open

dumping and burning with a high percentage of residents cooperating in proper

segregation of wastes and achieving full compliance when the government has been fully

committed to zero waste strategies (Larracas, n.d) which vary with the attitudes and lack

of consistent penalties to non-compliance and the absence of seminars and lectures

further limits knowledge sharing on waste management's impacts which relatively argued

by (Dung et al., 2017) that empowering students in developing positive attitudes through

engaging strategies and activities to possibly fulfill the knowledge gap in waste

management.

Participants within the community wanted to follow the ordinances but they argued

how they would responsibly comply if the leader couldn't discipline them as they are the

first ones who have been violating the law. Furthermore, those elders who have been

engaged in the burning of wastes historically acquired from their previous generations

were burning is a normal act of minimizing waste. In addition to that legal dump sites are

required in every Barangay, but in Barangay Labney there is no legal dump site.

CONCLUSION

The inadequate law enforcement has revealed the incorrect waste disposal, and a

shortage of sanitary landfills that potentially pollute, endanger human health, and the

acceleration of climate change as well as the lack of waste infrastructure, inadequate

waste collection and disposal systems, the need to improve awareness and waste

management practices of community to stopped leaders in deep-seated habits like

burning waste, instead be role model of in enforcing policies. Additionally, there is limited

access of resources and advanced technologies for sustainable solutions in rural areas

possessing significant challenges to attain the effectivity of waste management rules.

Dissemination of information with rigorous policy implementation might be a great start

to promoting waste management systems from the governmental bodies down to the

locality with enough implementation.

Holding seminars and workshops to emphasize negative consequences of waste

management regulations, updating models and/or laws for effective execution and

providing practical learning experiences can help bridge the gap between knowledge and

practice. Furthermore, encouraging people to participate in the national law in a fun way

of making actions ensuring health consciousness by doing proper segregation can

contribute to minimizing pollution and global warming to lessen the weakening state of

the ozone layer as the education would be added to waste management is potential for

community.

In conclusion, as the waste management presents both opportunities and

challenges are crucial in achieving sustainable waste management practices. Addressing

the root cause might help the promotion of waste segregation and sustainable

management practices which can minimize pollution and preserve the environment.

Empowerment of waste management systems and workers to attain critical issues and

instill passive point in remaking valuable products from waste itself with technological

help.

Though, Science City of Muñoz has existing laws and policies, the need for another

engaging activity intended to improve the way of managing wastes, molding younger

generation as early as needed just like training their younger minds to learn and molds

awareness in society while strengthening the build of governance in forming unity rather

than prolonging political divisiveness.

• Instilling fear may provide an efficient move for the betterment of the

implementation of policies. Focusing on the implementation of punishments and

compliance with waste management regulations, both leaders and residents.

• Educational Initiatives by conducting seminars and lectures about the positive and

negative effects of waste management and how to effectively use the composting

method to raise awareness and provide guidance that everyone will surely

understand.

• Political will and assertions of leaders for stricter implementation of the law should

be a role model to encourage and inspire others to follow the rules and regulations

while avoiding the use of plastics and properly disposing in legal compost areas to

ensure the fulfillment of waste management practices to attain the responsibilities

of all community members rather than prolonging its political divisiveness.

• Trash bins with waste segregation are needed to avoid waste in the streets

together with the returning of regular waste collection with thorough inspection

while avoiding the use of plastics and properly disposing in legal compost areas to

ensure the fulfillment of waste management practices to attain the responsibilities

of all community members rather than prolonging its political divisiveness.

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